HDL cholesterol is responsible for moving fat, from storage or plaques, into the liver where processing and excretion of fat occurs.  By decreasing fatty build-up on arteries it helps to regulate blood pressure.   GLA reduces the production of an inflammatory compound called arachidonic acid.  Arachidonic acid causes pain and inflammation in conditions such as arthritis.

GLA helps to make the sheath (myelin) that surrounds the nerves that conduct messages from the brain to the muscles and organs of your body, performing a similar function to the insulation sheathing of electrical wires.  If this protective sheath degenerates (as in MS), a "shorting out" of the message that the nerve is carrying occurs. Since healthy fats play a large role in hormone formation, borage oil can thus help optimize hormone levels in both men and women.  GLA supplements are used to treat atherosclerosis, high cholesterol, arthritis, attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder, PMS, menopausal discomforts, multiple sclerosis and liver cirrhosis.

The best-known natural sources are borage seed oil, blackcurrant seed oil and evening primrose oil. Of these, borage seed oil contains a significantly higher concentration of GLA and is, therefore, a preferred supplement.  Evening Primrose oil promotes estrogen production and so should not be used by cancer sufferers with estrogen receptor positive tumours.  Use black currant seed oil instead.

Ensure your GLA supplement is not processed with heat because it damages the acids and creates free radicals.  Some of the damaged fats turn into trans-fatty acids, which are well known for their promotion of cardiovascular disease.  Refrigerate all liquid GLA supplements and keep capsules away from heat because they can become rancid.