A-Z cellular health Articles

Everyone wants to live a long, healthy life and many of us look for new and healthy ways to fight against the signs of aging, both externally and internally as a means to protect our health and longevity. As we age, however, our bodies become less effective at producing energy and repairing damage caused by free radicals. This can lead to fatigue, muscle weakness, memory loss, and other symptoms of aging. Fortunately, CoQ10 supplementation has been shown to improve mitochondrial function and reduce these symptoms of aging.

However, as we get older, our bodies naturally produce less coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10).

In this article, we'll look at what CoQ10 is and how it works, as well as some specific ways in which it affects the aging process by protecting against oxidative damage.

What is Aging?

It's important to understand the aging process so you can start taking steps to prevent it from happening prematurely. Aging is a general term for the physical changes that take place in your body as you grow older. It is a natural process, but it can be accelerated by factors such as stress and unhealthy living.

Changes That Happen With Aging

As we age, our telomeres begin to shorten. Telomeres are the protective caps of DNA that sit at the ends of our chromosomes. They're like the plastic tips on shoelaces, only they protect our DNA from damage. Additionally, our bodies produce less of our sex hormones, which are responsible for our muscle and bone mass.

Free-Radical Theory of Disease:

The free radical theory of disease and aging has become generally accepted by the medical community. The free radical theory of disease and aging states that aging is caused by the accumulation of damage to our DNA, proteins, and lipids as a result of exposure to free radicals. A free radical is an atom or molecule that has at least one unpaired electron. This makes it unstable, and it will try to find another electron to pair up with. The problem is that this can cause damage to your cells and lead to premature aging. We typically encounter free radical damage from our environment, including drugs, alcohol, smoking, sun exposure, and diet.

Energy Metabolism: 

As we age, our energy metabolism declines. This is especially true of the liver, heart, and skeletal muscles. Research suggests that coenzyme Q10 concentrations in these tissues also drop with age. Some researchers believe that by the time we are in our sixties, our CoQ10 levels have dropped to 10% of what they were when we were 30 years old. If we want to stay healthy and energetic well into our later years, we need more CoQ10 than what our body makes on its own.

CoQ10 and the Aging Process

As we age, it is important that we increase our intake of antioxidants to combat the effects of reactive oxygen species. CoQ10 is an enzyme that also functions as an antioxidant. It is found in almost every cell of your body. Q10 helps convert food into energy while also fighting damage to your body's cells. Here is how it works:

Mitochondria generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) as a byproduct of ATP (energy) production. If not neutralized by antioxidants, ROS may damage mitochondria over time, causing them to function less efficiently and produce even more oxidizing compounds. Coenzyme Q10 plays an important role in mitochondrial ATP synthesis and functions as an antioxidant in mitochondrial membranes.

In addition to preventing lipid peroxidation (when oxygen atoms attack the unsaturated bonds in fatty acids), CoQ10 can regenerate the antioxidant vitamins C and E back to their active, fully reduced forms.

Plus, coenzyme Q10 helps to improve circulation, which means that nutrients are more efficiently transported to your tissues and oxygen is delivered more readily throughout your body, including your brain.

The brain, which is rich in fatty acids and requires a high amount of oxygen, is more susceptible to oxidative damage than other organs. Mitochondria are the main energy generators of brain cells. With age, mitochondrial function usually decreases, which could lead to the death of brain cells. Poor circulation can deliver less "fuel" to your brain, which could also impact your cognitive ability. In addition to helping support healthy circulation, CoQ10 can also help reduce free radicals and compounds that contribute to cognitive decline, thanks in part to its ability to function as a fat-soluble antioxidant.

Research on CoQ10 and Aging

CoQ10 has been the subject of numerous trials and has been shown in research to be effective for a variety of health concerns and conditions, including atherosclerosis, the hardening of the arteries, heart failure, energy production in athletes, and the symptoms of fibromyalgia (including widespread muscle pain and fatigue).

There is also some emerging evidence linking CoQ10 supplementation to the aging process. However, one small randomized controlled trial studying elderly individuals over the age of 70 showed improvements in vitality, physical performance, and quality of life when treated with a combination of CoQ10 (200 mg/day) and selenium (100 IU/day). A 12-year follow-up of the people taking supplemental selenium and coenzyme Q10 showed a reduction in cardiovascular mortality compared to the people taking a placebo.

In addition to maintaining healthy mitochondria, taking CoQ10 can benefit individuals of all ages by reducing the energy drain of oxidative stress and providing a rich antioxidant source that protects against oxidative damage.

Supplementing with CoQ10

Our bodies produce CoQ10, but production begins to slow after the age of 40. By the time we are in our sixties, many researchers believe that our CoQ10 levels have dropped to 10% of what they were when we were 30. Taking a CoQ10 supplement replaces the CoQ10 that our body isn’t making enough of.

For best results, we recommend taking coenzyme Q10 as an oral supplement.

• Dose: 100 to 200 mg per day. Your natural healthcare practitioner may recommend that you take a higher dose, however.
• To enhance absorption, softgels are the most common form of CoQ10 supplements. You can also take it in tablet or capsule form, but softgels are the easiest to swallow and absorb quickly.
• Cautions: CoQ10 is safe, but it’s important to note that there are no known side effects. It has been used in research trials for more than 40 years without any significant adverse reactions. However, if you have a heart condition or diabetes and take blood-thinning medications such as warfarin (Coumadin), talk to your doctor before adding CoQ10 to your daily regimen.
• Using coenzyme Q10 topically: In addition to using CoQ10 as an oral supplement, it can also be used topically to keep skin youthful. Researchers have found that topical CoQ10 can penetrate into the epidermis and reduce oxidation, and they have concluded that CoQ10 can prevent many of the effects of photoaging on the skin.
• Other supplements to combine with coenzyme Q10: Coenzyme Q10 is a powerful antioxidant that works to neutralize free radicals in your body. It can be taken alongside other supplements that also have antioxidant properties, such as vitamin C, vitamin E, and carotenoids.

CoQ10 Supplement FAQs

How Does Coenzyme Q10 Work?

CoQ10 works by helping to produce energy in cells throughout the body.

When Should I Take CoQ10?

CoQ10 is most effective when taken in divided doses throughout the day.

How Much CoQ10 Should I Take?

The recommended dosage of CoQ10 varies depending on the condition being treated and can range from 50 mg to 200 mg per day, although some studies have shown that higher doses (600–900 mg) may be more effective.

Related Articles

How CoQ10 Helps to Improve Poor Blood Circulation

How Coenzyme Q10 Helps in Improving Mitochondrial Health

How to Manage High Blood Pressure Naturally with CoQ10

References

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2779364/

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26482687/

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29641571/

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0047637421000932#bib0220

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) is a form of vitamin B3 (niacin) that is also sometimes called coenzyme 1. Your body can make this nutrient from dietary niacin or niacinamide. Because of this, deficiency is rare. NADH is necessary for the production of energy inside each of our body's cells. It also plays a role in the cellular repair of our DNA, the genetic template in each of our cells and the synthesis of some neurochemicals and hormones involved in brain and mental health.

Key Health Advantages of NADH/NAD

Energy and Metabolism

This nutrient increases the rate of chemical reactions in our mitochondria (the metabolic power plant of our cells) and alsohelps the cell repair the cellular genetic material (DNA). Any NADH in the body that is not currently in use for chemical reactions can act as an antioxidant, protecting the cells from damaging free radicals. Free radicals are unstable molecules with an unpaired electron that are extremely reactive, and damage surrounding cell membranes, fats, and fat-soluble vitamins and nutrients. Because of its role in metabolism, it is often used for conditions requiring an increase in energy and cellular repair.

Neurologic Effect and Mental Health

NADH also supports the production of certain neurochemicals and hormones in the body, such as adrenaline and dopamine. Low dopamine levels have been implicated in Parkinson's disease and possibly Alzheimer's disease, so increasing NADH may help to lower the risk of these conditions. Chronic fatigue syndrome is characterized by low energy and is also helped by taking a niacin supplement, perhaps because of increased adrenaline production. In general, ensuring adequate levels of this nutrient is a good step towards improving brain health and neurochemical balance. Thus, NADH can play a role in improved mental health and brain function.

Shopping For Quality NADH Supplements

This supplement can be found alone in capsules or tablets and is also found in combination formulas for energy enhancements. NADH can be directly supplemented at a dose between 2.5 and 10mg daily. Supplementation of niacin or niacinamide can allow the body to create the amount of NADH it needs naturally.

Potential Side Effects & Important Information

Doses greater than 5mg daily for prolonged periods have been shown to cause insomnia, anxiety, mood swings, and stomach upset. There are no known contraindications reported for the use of NADH.

In the pursuit of longevity and optimal wellness, few compounds have generated as much excitement as NMN (Nicotinamide Mononucleotide). Praised by scientists, biohackers, and health-conscious individuals alike, NMN benefits have gained attention for their potential to support energy production, DNA repair, and healthy aging.

Once limited to laboratory research, NMN is now becoming a staple in supplement routines worldwide. Backed by promising studies and interest from leading longevity experts, this compound is recognized for its role in supporting cellular function and vitality. In this article, we'll explore what NMN is and how it may benefit your overall health and longevity.

What Is NMN?

NMN is a naturally occurring molecule found in trace amounts in certain foods such as broccoli, avocado, and edamame. It is a precursor to NAD+ (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide), a coenzyme that plays a critical role in every cell in your body.

Like collagen, NAD+ levels decline with age, leading to a decrease in cellular energy, weakened DNA repair, metabolic dysfunction, and increased risk of disease. It helps replenish NAD+ levels, helping support key biological functions.

By supplementing with NMN, your body can restore NAD+ to levels that it was at during your younger years, potentially reversing aspects of aging at the cellular level.

Top 4 Health Benefits of NMN

NMN supplements offer a wide range of potential benefits for aging, metabolism, cognitive health, and overall vitality. Let’s take a closer look at the most studied and top uses for this nutrient:

1. Cellular Energy & Anti-Aging Support

One of the top reasons people seek out NMN is for its ability to boost NAD+ production and enhance mitochondrial function - the cells 'powerhouses.' Mitochondria use NAD+ to convert nutrients to ATP (adenosine triphosphate), a molecule that carries energy within cells. As natural levels of NAD+ decline with age, so does cellular energy. This leads to feelings of fatigue, cognitive decline, and other age-related issues.

By restoring NAD+ levels through NMN supplementation, studies found improvements in energy metabolism, mitochondrial health, and a delay in age-related psychological decline. These findings are why Nicotinamide Mononucleotide has started to pique people’s interest when seeking new anti-aging treatments.

2. Cognitive Function & Brain Health

NMN has shown promising findings in supporting brain health and protecting against cognitive decline. Since the brain is one of the body's organs that uses a lot of energy, it heavily relies on NAD+ for synaptic function, neurotransmitter production, and neural plasticity.

Animal studies have shown that supplementing with NMN may protect against age-related memory loss, increase blood flow to the brain, and reduce inflammation. Although more human studies are needed, these findings suggest potential for Nicotinamide Mononucleotide in preventing or slowing neurodegenerative diseases.

NMN supplementation is a great option for those seeking to enhance mental clarity, focus, and support long-term brain health.

3. Cardiovascular Health

Another key benefit of NMN is its impact on heart and vascular health. With age, blood vessels stiffen, and endothelial function (the inner lining of the blood vessels) weakens, increasing the risk of hypertension and heart disease.

Research suggests that increased NAD+ through NMN supplementation can promote vascular elasticity, improve blood flow, and reduce oxidative stress. Some studies conducted on mice have shown that Nicotinamide Mononucleotide can enhance endurance and exercise capacity by improving the mice's oxygen utilization and capillary density. This makes NMN a valuable player not only for anti-aging, but also in maintaining a healthy heart.

4. Metabolic Health & Weight Management

NMN is deeply involved in metabolic regulation, making it beneficial for those managing insulin sensitivity, weight control, or age-related metabolic disorders.

NAD+ plays a critical role in regulating circadian rhythms, glucose metabolism and fat oxidation. In animal studies conducted on mice, NMN showed improved insulin sensitivity, lower blood sugar levels, and a reduction in fat accumulation, particularly in high-fat diet-induced obesity.

While human studies are still in the early stages and further research is needed, the current data are promising for NMN’s potential in overall weight management.

Reap The Benefits of NMN: Using Supplements

Incorporating NMN into your supplement regimen is simple; however, selecting a quality product is critical. Here are some things to consider when taking these supplements:

• Dosage: Most clinical research uses NMN doses ranging from 250mg to 500mg per day. Always follow the labelling directions on your supplement bottle and consult a healthcare provider if you have medical conditions.
• Timing: It is best to take Nicotinamide Mononucleotide in the morning because it can increase cellular energy and may interrupt sleep if it’s taken too late in the day.
• Format: Nicotinamide Mononucleotide supplements are available in capsules, powders, or sublingual tablets. While format is often a personal preference, some researchers believe sublingual tablets dissolved under the tongue lead to better bioavailability.
• Co-Supplementation: Many people who take Nicotinamide Mononucleotide supplements co-supplement with resveratrol, another molecule known to activate longevity genes and enhance the anti-aging effects of NAD+.

Shopping For Quality NMN Supplements

At National Nutrition, we work hard to provide our customers with the best names in natural health. All of the brands we carry offer high-quality products, and we strive to bring as many Canadian brands as possible. Our selection of NMN supplements is no different. You can find a quality Nicotinamide Mononucleotide supplement from a trusted brand, like Arcwell and AOR, in varying formats to suit your needs.

Potential Side Effects of NMN

While NMN is generally considered safe and well-tolerated, more long-term human studies need to be conducted. Therefore, it is important to be aware of potential side effects:

• Mild Digestive Issues: Some people have reported nausea, bloating, or diarrhea, particularly when starting at higher doses. It’s best to start with lower doses and work your way up to minimize these potential side effects.
• Sleep Disturbances: Due to increased cellular energy and metabolic stimulation, Nicotinamide Mononucleotide may cause restlessness or insomnia if taken too late in the day.
• Unknown Long-Term Effects: Because this nutrient is a relatively new supplement, there’s limited data on the long-term implications of daily use, particularly at high doses. As more research is conducted, researchers will have a better understanding of the long-term impacts and effects NMN has on humans.
• Potential Interactions With Medications: If you are taking medications for diabetes, blood pressure, or other chronic conditions, consult your healthcare practitioner before taking Nicotinamide Mononucleotide.

Frequently Asked Questions About NMN

1. What Are The Main Benefits of NMN?

It supports anti-aging and longevity. Research has also shown its potential in protecting against heart disease, age-related cognitive decline, its ability to enhance energy production, and its support in weight management.

2. Is NMN Legal In Canada?

Yes, Nicotinamide Mononucleotide is legal to import and use in Canada.

3. What Foods Are Rich In NMN And Where Can I Get NMN Naturally?

You can find NMN in edamame, avocado, broccoli, cabbage, tomatoes, and cucumbers.

4. Are NMN & Vitamin B3 The Same?

No, Nicotinamide Mononucleotide and vitamin B3 are not the same, although they are related. NMN is a naturally occurring compound derived from niacin, but it is not the same as vitamin B3.

What Is SOD?

Superoxide dismutase (SOD) is a powerful enzyme found in nearly every cell of your body. Its primary function is to convert harmful superoxide radicals into less damaging hydrogen peroxide and oxygen. 

Superoxide radicals are highly reactive molecules that can cause significant cellular and tissue damage if not neutralized. By neutralizing these free radicals, superoxide dismutase acts as potent antioxidant, helping to protect cells from oxidative stress. This antioxidant capability reduces inflammation and plays a role in potentially slowing down the visible signs of aging. Furthermore, SOD is crucial for maintaining overall cellular health and longevity, making it an essential component of the body's defence system.

Top Health Benefits of SOD

Anti-Inflammatory Support

SOD can act as a potent anti-inflammatory molecule in the human body. White blood cells release large amounts of superoxide to neutralize deleterious bacteria present in the tissues. This is a useful adaptive response that can sometimes go awry in cases of inflammation caused by conditions such as arthritis or autoimmune disease. When this occurs, the white blood cells release superoxide in these areas of inflammation and cause local destruction of the tissue. This leads to more inflammation and a continuation of the destructive cycle. Superoxide dismutase can help to break this cycle by disassembling the superoxide, thus preventing further inflammation and tissue destruction. In Europe, SOD is frequently used to treat osteoarthritis and sports injuries.

Anti-Aging Benefits

It has been put forward that the potent antioxidant power of SOD could help to reduce the physical signs of aging. There is very little research on the supplementation of superoxide dismutase for this purpose. It is generally accepted that increased intake of antioxidants and a reduction in systemic inflammation are both powerful ways to reduce the cellular damage that causes physical aging, but more research is required before anti-aging claims can be proven.

Taking SOD Supplements

All clinical trials involving the use of SOD had it administered via intravenous or injection. There is very little data available on the use of oral supplementation. Because of this, there is no recommended dosage available. It is advisable to follow the manufacturer's suggested dosing on the label of each supplement.

Important Information

SOD has been found to be a remarkably safe compound for both ingestion and injection. There are no studies on the use of superoxide dismutase during pregnancy and breast-feeding so use should be avoided during these times. Some studies have found that SOD may not be absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, and also found that some supplements do not contain the amounts of active superoxide dismutase that they claim to have. Be careful and purchase SOD only from a company that you trust.