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Zinc

Earl Mindell put it best in his book, Vitamin Bible, when he wrote, "Zinc acts like a traffic policeman, directing and overseeing the efficient flow of body processes (and) the maintenance of enzyme systems and cells". This explains why zinc is responsible for so many body functions. Zinc concentrates in the reproductive glands where it aids in normal fetal development and sperm maturation.

It is especially important in the prostate gland where supplemental zinc has been shown to decrease prostate inflammation. Zinc is a regulator of the immune system ensuring that cells for identifying and killing microbes, viruses and other harmful cells are in good working order. Zinc is a cofactor for the antioxidant system superoxide dismutase (SOD). Antioxidants neutralize free radicals. They are unstable molecules that in their bid to become more stable must bump into healthy cells and cause damage. Zinc also speeds wound healing and is used for the healing of burns and surgical incisions. Zinc is involved in the sensory organs, the eyes, nose and taste buds.

One of the first signs of zinc deficiency can be altered taste and smell. Zinc regulates the activity of insulin, for blood sugar control, thyroid hormone, for metabolism and the digestion of sugar and protein. Natural health practitioners use zinc for a variety of health concerns including; acne, benign prostatic hyperplasia, colds, flus, diabetes, diaper rash, stomach ulcers, macular degeneration, impotence, osteoporosis, eczema and wound healing.

The supplemental forms of zinc are the inorganic zinc sulphate and the organic zinc gluconate and zinc picolinate. The chelated, organic forms of zinc, picolinate and gluconate, are easier for the body to use. Zinc is usually found in tablet form or as lozenges, for use during colds. Zinc is also a part of multivitamin/mineral formulas and some immune boosting and antioxidant formulas. A special form of zinc called zinc monomethionine is used as an antioxidant. It has antioxidant activity equivalent to that of vitamin C, vitamin E and beta-carotene. It is often recommended to take a copper supplement concurrently with zinc, usually in a ratio of 10-15mg of zinc to 1mg copper.

Zinc levels are decreased by diarrhea, kidney disease, liver disease, alcoholism and diabetes. Zinc is not absorbed when it is consumed with fibre, phytates (found in grains and legumes), hard water, calcium, copper and iron. Zinc is lost through perspiration so supplementation may be helpful for athletes, those who live in hot climates and those who regularly use saunas or steam rooms. Zinc is depleted by the following medications: oral contraceptives, some diuretics, ulcer medications, antiviral medication and some antibiotics. Much of our food is deficient in zinc due to poor soil levels of the mineral. Food processing techniques destroy zinc.


Who needs magnesium?
In short, most people...Recently, there has been some debate in regards to the efficacy of magnesium status testing using blood. It is argued that blood testing may not show deficiencies until they are dangerously low because only around 1% of the body's magnesium is found in the blood. It is possible that 50% or more of the population have low magnesium stores despite normal serum levels (a condition called "subclinically deficient"). These deficiencies may have to do with low dietary intake of magnesium, due to poor dietary habits, or loss through the refining and processing of foods. Chronic vomiting or diarrhea, excessive urination and sweating can also deplete magnesium. Foods rich in magnesium include dark leafy vegetables, bananas, avocado, peas, legumes, soy and whole grains.

Deficiency
Without magnesium, the transmission of nerve and muscle impulses is compromised. This can lead to nervous system disorders, muscle weakness or contraction, as well as cramps and spasms. For example, magnesium has been shown to decrease menstrual pain by relaxing the uterine muscles. Magnesium deficiency has also been strongly associated with depression, migraines, ADD, PMS, fibromyalgia, asthma, allergies and type II diabetes. Magnesium loss can be caused by some medications such as diuretics, antibiotics and some anti-cell growth drugs. Foods high in fat and oxalic acid interfere with the absorption of magnesium. Oxalic acid containing foods include almonds, chard, cocoa, rhubarb, spinach and black tea. Body requirements for magnesium increase with increased intake of zinc and vitamin D.